1. What is Density?

Density (ρ) is a physical property of matter defined as mass per unit volume. It's a fundamental concept in physics and engineering, particularly in fluid mechanics and material science.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the density formula:

Where:

• \( \rho \) — Density (kg/m³)
• \( \gamma \) — Specific weight (N/m³)
• \( g \) — Gravity (m/s²)

Explanation: Specific weight is weight per unit volume, and dividing by gravity converts it to mass per unit volume (density).

3. Importance of Density Calculation

Details: Density is crucial for determining buoyancy, designing structures, calculating fluid flow, and understanding material properties in various engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter specific weight in N/m³ and gravity in m/s² (standard Earth gravity is 9.81 m/s²). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between density and specific weight?
A: Density is mass per unit volume (kg/m³), while specific weight is weight per unit volume (N/m³). They're related by gravity.

Q2: What are typical density values for common materials?
A: Water is about 1000 kg/m³, air is about 1.225 kg/m³, and metals range from 2700 kg/m³ (aluminum) to 7870 kg/m³ (steel).

Q3: How does temperature affect density?
A: For most substances, density decreases with increasing temperature due to thermal expansion.

Q4: What's the standard gravity value?
A: Standard Earth gravity is 9.80665 m/s², though 9.81 m/s² is commonly used in calculations.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for any substance?
A: Yes, as long as you know the specific weight and gravity, it works for any substance.