1. What is Density?

Density (ρ) is a physical property of matter defined as mass per unit volume. It's typically measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³) in the SI system.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the density formula:

Where:

• \( \rho \) — Density (kg/m³)
• \( \gamma \) — Specific weight (N/m³)
• \( g \) — Acceleration due to gravity (m/s²)

Explanation: The formula converts specific weight (weight per unit volume) to density (mass per unit volume) by dividing by gravitational acceleration.

3. Importance of Density Calculation

Details: Density is fundamental in fluid mechanics, material science, and engineering applications. It helps determine buoyancy, material properties, and fluid behavior.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter specific weight in N/m³ and gravitational acceleration in m/s² (standard is 9.81 m/s² on Earth). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between density and specific weight?
A: Density is mass per unit volume (kg/m³), while specific weight is weight per unit volume (N/m³). They're related by gravity.

Q2: What are typical density values for common materials?
A: Water is about 1000 kg/m³, air is about 1.225 kg/m³, and metals range from 2700 kg/m³ (aluminum) to 7870 kg/m³ (steel).

Q3: How does temperature affect density?
A: Most materials expand when heated, decreasing density. Water is densest at 4°C, becoming less dense as it freezes.

Q4: What's specific gravity?
A: Specific gravity is the ratio of a material's density to water's density at 4°C (1000 kg/m³), making it dimensionless.

Q5: When would I need to calculate density this way?
A: This method is useful when you know the specific weight (from experimental measurements) but need the density for calculations.