1. What is Pipe Velocity?

Pipe velocity is the speed at which fluid flows through a pipe. It's calculated by dividing the volumetric flow rate by the cross-sectional area of the pipe.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the fundamental velocity equation:

Where:

• \( Flow \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( Area \) — Cross-sectional area of pipe (m²)
• \( Velocity \) — Resulting fluid speed (m/s)

Explanation: This equation represents the conservation of mass principle, where the same volume of fluid must pass through each section of the pipe per unit time.

3. Importance of Velocity Calculation

Details: Pipe velocity is crucial for designing piping systems, determining pressure drops, ensuring proper flow characteristics, and avoiding issues like erosion or sedimentation.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter flow rate in cubic meters per second and pipe cross-sectional area in square meters. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical pipe velocity range?
A: For water systems, typical velocities range from 0.5-3 m/s, with 1-2 m/s being most common for general applications.

Q2: How do I calculate pipe area?
A: For circular pipes, area = π × (diameter/2)². For other shapes, use appropriate geometric formulas.

Q3: Why is velocity important in pipe design?
A: High velocities can cause erosion and noise, while low velocities may allow sedimentation. Optimal velocity balances these factors.

Q4: Does this work for gases as well as liquids?
A: Yes, the same equation applies to both liquids and gases, though gas velocities are typically much higher.

Q5: How does viscosity affect velocity?
A: Viscosity affects pressure drop but not the basic velocity calculation. However, it may limit achievable velocities in practice.